Introduction

Ceramic tiles due to having excellent chemical stability, as well as good appearance are widely used in different places such as hospitals and buildings. normally, the microorganisms reproduce easily on the ceramic tile surface, especially in wet environment. The silver-titanium nanocomposite particles have an antibacterial effect which can kill more than 650 different types of bacteria and they are not harmful to the environment and the human body. The silver-titanium nanocomposite particles along with silver ions in the ceramic glaze, penetrate the cell walls of bacteria and microorganisms and prevent their growth and reproduction. These nanoparticles can be mixed with ceramic glaze as an additive.

Introduction

Ceramic tiles due to having excellent chemical stability, as well as good appearance are widely used in different places such as hospitals and buildings. normally, the microorganisms reproduce easily on the ceramic tile surface, especially in wet environment. The silver-titanium nanocomposite particles have an antibacterial effect which can kill more than 650 different types of bacteria and they are not harmful to the environment and the human body. The silver-titanium nanocomposite particles along with silver ions in the ceramic glaze, penetrate the cell walls of bacteria and microorganisms and prevent their growth and reproduction. These nanoparticles can be mixed with ceramic glaze as an additive.

Introduction

Ceramic tiles due to having excellent chemical stability, as well as good appearance are widely used in different places such as hospitals and buildings. normally, the microorganisms reproduce easily on the ceramic tile surface, especially in wet environment. The silver-titanium nanocomposite particles have an antibacterial effect which can kill more than 650 different types of bacteria and they are not harmful to the environment and the human body. The silver-titanium nanocomposite particles along with silver ions in the ceramic glaze, penetrate the cell walls of bacteria and microorganisms and prevent their growth and reproduction. These nanoparticles can be mixed with ceramic glaze as an additive.

Introduction

When using public restrooms, people are often worried about sanitary issues and their related illnesses. People are often sensitive to this issue, so they take special care when using and touching the equipment. Genital infections, fungal infections, skin sensitization and infectious, and microbial diseases are one of the most common causes of these bacteria. This product is an antibacterial squat toilet containing zinc oxide nanoparticles. The antibacterial toilet has surfaces which are resistant to bacterial growth. Sanitary products like wash basin are coated with materials which remove hazardous microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi and other germs. In comparison with other metal oxides, the application of zinc oxide in biomedical and antiviral fields is due to its compatibility, solubility in alkaline environments, and terminated polar surfaces.

Introduction

When using public restrooms, people are often worried about sanitary issues and their related illnesses. People are often sensitive to this issue, so they take special care when using and touching the equipment. Genital infections, fungal infections, skin sensitization and infectious, and microbial diseases are one of the most common causes of these bacteria. This product is an antibacterial squat toilet containing zinc oxide nanoparticles. The antibacterial toilet has surfaces which are resistant to bacterial growth. Sanitary products like wash basin are coated with materials which remove hazardous microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi and other germs. In comparison with other metal oxides, the application of zinc oxide in biomedical and antiviral fields is due to its compatibility, solubility in alkaline environments, and terminated polar surfaces.

Introduction

When using public restrooms, people are often worried about sanitary issues and their related illnesses. People are often sensitive to this issue, so they take special care when using and touching the equipment. Genital infections, fungal infections, skin sensitization and infectious, and microbial diseases are one of the most common causes of these bacteria. This product is an antibacterial squat toilet containing zinc oxide nanoparticles. The antibacterial toilet has surfaces which are resistant to bacterial growth. Sanitary products like wash basin are coated with materials which remove hazardous microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi and other germs. In comparison with other metal oxides, the application of zinc oxide in biomedical and antiviral fields is due to its compatibility, solubility in alkaline environments, and terminated polar surfaces.

Introduction

Concrete is unique in construction and it is only an exclusive product for trading; so it involves a significant share of research and development, and income in the industry to itself. Concrete, a multi-phase, complex and nanostructured material, is a composite structure mainly composed of cement and water. Nanoscience and nanoengineering of concrete are phrases which describe two essential approaches regarding the application of nanotechnology in concrete. Up to now, concrete has been primarily known as a structural material. Nanotechnology is capable of making a multi-functional material from concrete. Concrete can be nanoengineered by incorporating nanoscale building blocks, nanoparticles, nanotubes, etc.

Introduction

Concrete is unique in construction and it is only an exclusive product for trading; so it involves a significant share of research and development, and income in the industry to itself. Concrete, a multi-phase, complex and nanostructured material, is a composite structure mainly composed of cement and water. Nanoscience and nanoengineering of concrete are phrases which describe two essential approaches regarding the application of nanotechnology in concrete. Up to now, concrete has been primarily known as a structural material. Nanotechnology is capable of making a multi-functional material from concrete. Concrete can be nanoengineered by incorporating nanoscale building blocks, nanoparticles, nanotubes, etc.

Introduction

Concrete is unique in construction and it is only an exclusive product for trading; so it involves a significant share of research and development, and income in the industry to itself. Concrete, a multi-phase, complex and nanostructured material, is a composite structure mainly composed of cement and water. Nanoscience and nanoengineering of concrete are phrases which describe two essential approaches regarding the application of nanotechnology in concrete. Up to now, concrete has been primarily known as a structural material. Nanotechnology is capable of making a multi-functional material from concrete. Concrete can be nanoengineered by incorporating nanoscale building blocks, nanoparticles, nanotubes, etc.

Introduction

Contrary to the compact structure, the presence of surface cavities with nanometer and micrometer dimensions makes the tile sensitive to the stain and penetration of the contamination. Colloidal nano silica acts as a binder, polishing agent and coating to fill these pores and prevent the stains and dirt from penetrating into the surface. 

Introduction

Contrary to the compact structure, the presence of surface cavities with nanometer and micrometer dimensions makes the tile sensitive to the stain and penetration of the contamination. Colloidal nano silica acts as a binder, polishing agent and coating to fill these pores and prevent the stains and dirt from penetrating into the surface. 

Introduction

Contrary to the compact structure, the presence of surface cavities with nanometer and micrometer dimensions makes the tile sensitive to the stain and penetration of the contamination. Colloidal nano silica acts as a binder, polishing agent and coating to fill these pores and prevent the stains and dirt from penetrating into the surface. 

Introduction

The design of the facade is of great importance in every building, because it is the first part of the building to be exposed, and it will be very effective in creating the initial mentality of someone who enters the building. The use of special designs and colors in interior and exterior decoration is welcomed by manufacturers and buyers. One of the more recent designs is the use of golden elements made of stainless steel with TiN golden coatings. These ceramic coatings, in addition to the strength and mechanical properties, provide good corrosion resistance. There are different methods to apply TiN coatings on substrates. Arc-PVD is a kind of physical vapor deposition technique in which an electric arc is used to vaporize material from a cathode target. The vaporized material then condenses on a substrate and forms a thin film.

Introduction

The design of the facade is of great importance in every building, because it is the first part of the building to be exposed, and it will be very effective in creating the initial mentality of someone who enters the building. The use of special designs and colors in interior and exterior decoration is welcomed by manufacturers and buyers. One of the more recent designs is the use of golden elements made of stainless steel with TiN golden coatings. These ceramic coatings, in addition to the strength and mechanical properties, provide good corrosion resistance. There are different methods to apply TiN coatings on substrates. Arc-PVD is a kind of physical vapor deposition technique in which an electric arc is used to vaporize material from a cathode target. The vaporized material then condenses on a substrate and forms a thin film.

Introduction

The design of the facade is of great importance in every building, because it is the first part of the building to be exposed, and it will be very effective in creating the initial mentality of someone who enters the building. The use of special designs and colors in interior and exterior decoration is welcomed by manufacturers and buyers. One of the more recent designs is the use of golden elements made of stainless steel with TiN golden coatings. These ceramic coatings, in addition to the strength and mechanical properties, provide good corrosion resistance. There are different methods to apply TiN coatings on substrates. Arc-PVD is a kind of physical vapor deposition technique in which an electric arc is used to vaporize material from a cathode target. The vaporized material then condenses on a substrate and forms a thin film.

Introduction

Introduction

Introduction

Introduction

Structural lightweight concrete has an in-place density on the order of 1400 to 1900 kg/m3 compared to normal-weight concrete with a density in the in the range of 2000 to 2400 kg/m3. For structural applications, the concrete strength should be greater than 17 MPa. The concrete mixture is made with lightweight coarse aggregate. In some cases, a portion or the entire fine aggregate may be a lightweight product. Lightweight aggregates used in structural lightweight concrete are typically expanded shale, clay or slate materials that have been fired in a rotary kiln to develop a porous structure. 

Introduction

Structural lightweight concrete has an in-place density on the order of 1400 to 1900 kg/m3 compared to normal-weight concrete with a density in the in the range of 2000 to 2400 kg/m3. For structural applications, the concrete strength should be greater than 17 MPa. The concrete mixture is made with lightweight coarse aggregate. In some cases, a portion or the entire fine aggregate may be a lightweight product. Lightweight aggregates used in structural lightweight concrete are typically expanded shale, clay or slate materials that have been fired in a rotary kiln to develop a porous structure. 

Introduction

Structural lightweight concrete has an in-place density on the order of 1400 to 1900 kg/m3 compared to normal-weight concrete with a density in the in the range of 2000 to 2400 kg/m3. For structural applications, the concrete strength should be greater than 17 MPa. The concrete mixture is made with lightweight coarse aggregate. In some cases, a portion or the entire fine aggregate may be a lightweight product. Lightweight aggregates used in structural lightweight concrete are typically expanded shale, clay or slate materials that have been fired in a rotary kiln to develop a porous structure. 

Introduction

Introduction

Introduction

Introduction

This product is unplasticized polyvinyl chloride (UPVC) nanocomposite profile containing nanoparticles. UPVC is among the widely used polymers in building construction which is the more suitable option compared to metal and wooden profiles due to features such as high durability and performance, easy formability, low thermal expansion, prevention of the energy loss and non-flammability. However, the brittleness and loss of color during exposure to UV radiation are some disadvantages of these profiles. as a solution, nanomaterials are added to the UPVC which improve the impact strength of the product.

Introduction

This product is unplasticized polyvinyl chloride (UPVC) nanocomposite profile containing nanoparticles. UPVC is among the widely used polymers in building construction which is the more suitable option compared to metal and wooden profiles due to features such as high durability and performance, easy formability, low thermal expansion, prevention of the energy loss and non-flammability. However, the brittleness and loss of color during exposure to UV radiation are some disadvantages of these profiles. as a solution, nanomaterials are added to the UPVC which improve the impact strength of the product.

Introduction

This product is unplasticized polyvinyl chloride (UPVC) nanocomposite profile containing nanoparticles. UPVC is among the widely used polymers in building construction which is the more suitable option compared to metal and wooden profiles due to features such as high durability and performance, easy formability, low thermal expansion, prevention of the energy loss and non-flammability. However, the brittleness and loss of color during exposure to UV radiation are some disadvantages of these profiles. as a solution, nanomaterials are added to the UPVC which improve the impact strength of the product.